Taylor Gibb is a professional software developer with nearly a decade of experience. He served as Microsoft Regional Director in South Africa for two years and has received multiple Microsoft MVP (Most Valued Professional) awards. He currently works in R&D at Derivco International. Read more.

In Windows there is no way to natively send mail from the Command Prompt, but because PowerShell allows you to use the underlying .Net Framework, you can easily create and send an e-mail from the command line.

Note: I have uploaded a sample over here, due to many requests.

Sending Email From PowerShell

Note: We decided to use the GMail SMTP Servers for this article, that means you will need a GMail account to send mail using the provided code. However, you could easily hack my script to work with any SMTP Server should you want to.

The first thing you need to do is fire up PowerShell.

It’s pretty easy to send an e-mail from PowerShell, all you need to do is copy the template we provided and change some of the details.

$Subject = “The subject of your email”

$Body = “What do you want your email to say”

$SMTPClient = New-Object Net.Mail.SmtpClient($SmtpServer, 587)

$SMTPClient.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential(“usr”, “pass”);

$SMTPClient.Send($EmailFrom, $EmailTo, $Subject, $Body)

You will need to change the following:

• $EmailFrom = Your GMail address.
• $EmailTo = The recipient’s email address.
• $Subject = What you want the subject of the mail to say.
• $Body = What you want the main part of the mail to say.
• usr = You will need to replace this with your GMail username.
• pass = You will need to replace this with your GMail password.

Below is an example of me sending mail to myself.

Note: For obvious reasons, I removed GMail credentials from the screenshot.

How to send email from command line in windows 7 pro, what is a easy way to do it.

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Take a look at that. Keep us posted.

You can modify this how-to and make it work for you – assuming you are going to be repeating this process.

Being an old fart, I used telnet from the command line for e-mail testing, assuming the appropriate ports are open. from the DOS box (Command Prompt for the young ‘uns) it’s;

1. Telnet mail.domain.com 25 (obviously replace mail.domain.com with whichever mail server you want to use.)

2. helo your domain name

3. mail from:your email address

4. rctp to:destination address

6. Type your message

7. . (type a period and hit enter)

At that point, your email message should be queued and sent. To make it a little clearer, here’s an example sending from fred.com to barney.com. Hit “enter after each line.

1. telnet mail.barney.com 25

5. data Hello Barney. Bowling tonight?

Hope that makes sense.

You can always use the old standby telnet (you’ll probably need to enable telnet in windows features (control panel>>>programs>>>turn windows features on or off, then check the box next to telnet client):

This is a good “how to” using an smtp server:

Old school or not, I’ve used this more then once to troubleshoot mail servers.

IMHO, the absolute best command-line mailer for the windows platform. hands down.

It’s supposed to (I think) support mapi, but I’ve always stuck with SMTP. If you don’t have a mail server to point to, you can always install the Windows SMTP service (in there with IIS) and configure it to only accept/relay mail for 127.0.0.1

and it has more logging/debugging options than you’ll likely ever need.

I always use “telent 25” like some of the other folks here for troubleshooting.

Just a side note about telnet and Windows7, in case you weren’t aware, it’s not installed by default. You have to go into Programs and Features and enable it via the “Turn Windows features on or off” dialog.

http://www.smtpinfo.com/ – the free version should serve most purposes

I also use Blat, mainly for emailing log files and results of batch scripts. Does the job nicely.

+1 for telnet, as described by Shane,

best way to troubleshoot, got to be very careful with your typing, as you cannot backspace out errors, but very useful info returned to spot if something isn’t getting through

Powershell with one line

send-mailmessage -from “fromname ” -to “toname ” -subject “Subject” -smtp -body “body”

You didn’t mention if you have a local mail server or hosting service. Your ISP may block port 25. If it’s a home pc port 25 is blocked by your ISP.

i use blat only because it was what i learned first, but really do like it and have gotten very comfortable scripting messages and setting them up as scheduled tasks.

Still think that repeating a message to oneself in scheduled tasks every minute would make a great practical joke.

I’ve used Blat in the past, but on Windows boxes this is what I mostly use now. Save as a PS1 file and modify it to suit your environment.

# Send mail through Gmail account
$EmailFrom = “[email protected]”
$EmailTo = “[email protected]”
$Subject = “Notification from Whomever”
$Body = “this is a notification from Whatever Notifications..”
$SMTPServer = “smtp.gmail.com”
$SMTPClient = New-Object Net.Mail.SmtpClient($SmtpServer, 587)
$SMTPClient.EnableSsl = $true
$SMTPClient.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential(“username”, “password”);
$SMTPClient.Send($EmailFrom, $EmailTo, $Subject, $Body)

Here’s another option. It’s called SendEmail. No install required. Handles authentication, if needed.

I use this to send e-mail through a scheduled task to confirm execution.

In Windows there is no way to natively send mail from the Command Prompt, but because PowerShell allows you to use the underlying .Net Framework, you can easily create and send an e-mail from the command line.

Note: I have uploaded a sample over here, due to many requests.

Sending Email From PowerShell

Note: We decided to use the GMail SMTP Servers for this article, that means you will need a GMail account to send mail using the provided code. However, you could easily hack my script to work with any SMTP Server should you want to.

The first thing you need to do is fire up PowerShell.

It’s pretty easy to send an e-mail from PowerShell, all you need to do is copy the template we provided and change some of the details.

$Subject = “The subject of your email”

$Body = “What do you want your email to say”

$SMTPClient = New-Object Net.Mail.SmtpClient($SmtpServer, 587)

$SMTPClient.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential(“usr”, “pass”);

$SMTPClient.Send($EmailFrom, $EmailTo, $Subject, $Body)

You will need to change the following:

• $EmailFrom = Your GMail address.
• $EmailTo = The recipient’s email address.
• $Subject = What you want the subject of the mail to say.
• $Body = What you want the main part of the mail to say.
• usr = You will need to replace this with your GMail username.
• pass = You will need to replace this with your GMail password.

Below is an example of me sending mail to myself.

Note: For obvious reasons, I removed GMail credentials from the screenshot.

That’s all there is to it.

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Can anyone help me out, we need to send mail through command line from Window server. We cannot use Blat as per security issue and neither do we want to install Exchange resource kit. We have our own Mail exchange server we can make use of it.

May be if any batch which could be run to access our SMTP mail server.

Thanks in advance.

6 Answers 6

Assuming you don’t want to install any SMTP client whatsoever, and just want to use windows and perhaps batch files, you could use Telnet to connect to port 25 of your smtp server and send the commands manually. Here is an example of how to do this.
Anyway, I personally would prefer to install some command line SMTP client such as Blat or Bmail, instead of going into the hassle of directly interacting with SMTP.

I got this resolved without using any SMTP clients. I used Windows Powershell script to send mail and it is working very well.

Please check the below link

a very nice solution I found generically good if no authentication is involved and no programs can/should be installed or can be assumed to exist is the following, which should work on Ubuntu and other Linux platforms alike (you can put everything in one line using the ; command delimiter and removing the \ chars in the echo quoted string):

(Using like this make sure you are saving the file in Unix style (only a \x0A character will be added after the echo “. \ backslashes). Otherwise just remove the backslashes and the newline which puts everything on a line and makes it work, but less visually structured.)

HowToGeek demonstrates a Windows PowerShell script that works very well at How To Send Email From the Command Line in Windows Without Extra Software

Here is the method: First you’re defining the variables:

$EmailFrom = “[email protected]”
$EmailTo = “theRecipient’[email protected]”
$Subject = “your subject”
$Body = “some text”
$SMTPServer = “smtp.gmail.com”
$SMTPClient = New-Object Net.Mail.SmtpClient($SmtpServer, 587)
$SMTPClient.EnableSsl = $true
$SMTPClient.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential(“yourGmailUsername”, “password”);

Then, you’re using this command to send the mail:

$SMTPClient.Send($EmailFrom, $EmailTo, $Subject, $Body)

You’ll need a valid Gmail account in order to authenticate as a Gmail user.

Hi i want to send mail via microsoft cmd console. I tried many way, but i didnt succeed.

the error is :

the error is :

but it didnt worked. i dont know where is the problem or what is the problem.

thanks for your advice.

4 Answers 4

Scenario: Your domain: mydomain.com Domain you wish to send to: theirdomain.com

1. Determine the mail server you’re sending to. Open a CMD prompt Type

EDIT Be sure to type exit to terminate NSLOOKUP.

2. Connect to their mail server

SMTP communicates over port 25. We will now try to use TELNET to connect to their mail server “mail.theirdomain.com”

Open a CMD prompt

You should see something like this as a response:

Be aware that different servers will come up with different greetings but you should get SOMETHING. If nothing comes up at this point there are 2 possible problems. Port 25 is being blocked at your firewall, or their server is not responding. Try a different domain, if that works then it’s not you.

3. Send an Email

Now, use simple SMTP commands to send a test email. This is very important, you CANNOT use the backspace key, it will work onscreen but not be interpreted correctly. You have to type these commands perfectly.

So, what does that all mean? EHLO – introduce yourself to the mail server HELO can also be used but EHLO tells the server to use the extended command set (not that we’re using that).

MAIL FROM – who’s sending the email. Make sure to place this is the greater than/less than brackets as many email servers will require this (Postini).

RCPT TO – who you’re sending it to. Again you need to use the brackets. See Step #4 on how to test relaying mail!

DATA – tells the SMTP server that what follows is the body of your email. Make sure to hit “Enter” at the end.

. – the period alone on the line tells the SMTP server you’re all done with the data portion and it’s clear to send the email.

quit – exits the TELNET session.

4. Test SMTP relay Testing SMTP relay is very easy, and simply requires a small change to the above commands. See below:

See the difference? On the RCPT TO line, we’re sending to a domain that is not controlled by the SMTP server we’re sending to. You will get an immediate error is SMTP relay is turned off. If you’re able to continue and send an email, then relay is allowed by that server.

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1. Using mail Command

Linux mail command is quite popular and is commonly used to send emails from the command line. Mail is installed as part of mailutils and mailx packages on Debian and Redhat systems respectively. The two commands process messages on the command line.

To install mailutils in Debian and Ubuntu Systems, run:

For CentOS and RedHat distributions, run:

When you run the command, the following window will pop up. Press the TAB button and hit on ‘OK’

In the next Window, scroll and hit ‘Internet Site’.

The system will thereafter finish up with the installation process.

Testing Mail command

If the mail command is successfully installed, test the application by using the following format and press enter:

Replace email_address with your email address.

After pressing “Enter”, you’ll be prompted for a Carbon Copy (Cc:) address. If you wish not to include a copied address, proceed and hit ENTER.

Next, type the message or the body of the Email and hit ENTER.

Finally, Press Ctrl + D simultaneously to send the Email.

Output

Alternatively, you can use the echo command to pipe the message you want to send to the mail command as shown below.

Output

Let’s assume you have a file that you want to attach. Let’s call the file message.txt
How do you go about it? Use the command below.

The -A flag defines attachment of the file.

Output

To send an email to many recipients run:

2. Using the mailx command

Mailx is the newer version of mail command and was formerly referred to as nail in other implementations. Mailx has been around since 1986 and was incorporated into POSIX in the year 1992.

Mailx is part of the Debian’s mail compound package used for various scenarios. Users, system administrators, and developers can use this mail utility. The implementation of mailx also takes the same form as the mail command line syntax.

To install mailx in Debian/Ubuntu Systems run:

To install mailx in RedHat & CentOS run:

Testing Mailx command

You may use the echo command to direct the output to the mail command without being prompted for CC and the message body as shown here:

3. Using the MUTT Command

Mutt is a lightweight Linux command line email client. Unlike the mail command that can do basic stuff, mutt can send file attachments. Mutt also reads emails from POP/IMAP servers and connecting local users via the terminal.

To install mutt in Debian / Ubuntu Systems run:

To install mutt in Redhat / CentOS Systems run:

Testing Mutt command

You can send a blank message usign mutt with the right after the email address.

Output

Mutt command can also be used to attach a file as follows.

Output

4. Using mpack command

The mpack command is used to encode the file into MIME messages and sends them to one or several recipients, or it can even be used to post to different newsgroups.

To install mpack in Debian / Ubuntu Systems run:

To install mpack in Redhat / CentOS Systems run:

Testing mpack command

Using mpack to send email or attachment via command line is as simple as:

Output

5.Using sendmail

This command is another popular SMTP server used in many distributions.

To install sendmail in Debian/ Ubuntu Systems run:

To install sendmail in RedHat / CentOS Systems run:

Testing sendmail command

You can use the following instructions to send email using the sendmail command:

For example, I have created a file report.doc with the following text:

The command for sending the message will be,

Output

You can use -s option to specify the email subject.

Summary

While the command line emails clients are a lot simpler and less computationally intensive, you can only use them to send email to personal email domains and not to Gmail or Yahoo domains because of extra authentication required.

Also, you cannot receive emails from external SMTP servers. Generally, it’s a lot easier if you use GUI email clients like Thunderbird or Evolution to avoid undelivered emails problem.

Creates an archive of the specified format containing the tree structure for the named tree, and writes it out to the standard output. If

is specified it is prepended to the filenames in the archive.

git archive behaves differently when given a tree ID versus when given a commit ID or tag ID. In the first case the current time is used as the modification time of each file in the archive. In the latter case the commit time as recorded in the referenced commit object is used instead. Additionally the commit ID is stored in a global extended pax header if the tar format is used; it can be extracted using git get-tar-commit-id. In ZIP files it is stored as a file comment.

OPTIONS

Format of the resulting archive: tar or zip. If this option is not given, and the output file is specified, the format is inferred from the filename if possible (e.g. writing to “foo.zip” makes the output to be in the zip format). Otherwise the output format is tar .

Show all available formats.

Report progress to stderr.

/ to each filename in the archive.

Write the archive to instead of stdout.

Add a non-tracked file to the archive. Can be repeated to add multiple files. The path of the file in the archive is built by concatenating the value for –prefix (if any) and the basename of .

Look for attributes in .gitattributes files in the working tree as well (see ATTRIBUTES).

This can be any options that the archiver backend understands. See next section.

Instead of making a tar archive from the local repository, retrieve a tar archive from a remote repository. Note that the remote repository may place restrictions on which sha1 expressions may be allowed in . See git-upload-archive[1] for details.

Used with –remote to specify the path to the git-upload-archive on the remote side.

The tree or commit to produce an archive for.

Without an optional path parameter, all files and subdirectories of the current working directory are included in the archive. If one or more paths are specified, only these are included.

BACKEND EXTRA OPTIONS

Specify compression level. Larger values allow the command to spend more time to compress to smaller size. Supported values are from -0 (store-only) to -9 (best ratio). Default is -6 if not given.

Specify compression level. The value will be passed to the compression command configured in tar. .command . See manual page of the configured command for the list of supported levels and the default level if this option isn’t specified.

CONFIGURATION

This variable can be used to restrict the permission bits of tar archive entries. The default is 0002, which turns off the world write bit. The special value “user” indicates that the archiving user’s umask will be used instead. See umask(2) for details. If –remote is used then only the configuration of the remote repository takes effect.

This variable specifies a shell command through which the tar output generated by git archive should be piped. The command is executed using the shell with the generated tar file on its standard input, and should produce the final output on its standard output. Any compression-level options will be passed to the command (e.g., “-9”). An output file with the same extension as will be use this format if no other format is given.

The “tar.gz” and “tgz” formats are defined automatically and default to gzip -cn . You may override them with custom commands.

If true, enable for use by remote clients via git-upload-archive[1]. Defaults to false for user-defined formats, but true for the “tar.gz” and “tgz” formats.

ATTRIBUTES

Files and directories with the attribute export-ignore won’t be added to archive files. See gitattributes[5] for details.

If the attribute export-subst is set for a file then Git will expand several placeholders when adding this file to an archive. See gitattributes[5] for details.

Note that attributes are by default taken from the .gitattributes files in the tree that is being archived. If you want to tweak the way the output is generated after the fact (e.g. you committed without adding an appropriate export-ignore in its .gitattributes ), adjust the checked out .gitattributes file as necessary and use –worktree-attributes option. Alternatively you can keep necessary attributes that should apply while archiving any tree in your $GIT_DIR/info/attributes file.

EXAMPLES

Create a tar archive that contains the contents of the latest commit on the current branch, and extract it in the /var/tmp/junk directory.

git archive –format=tar –prefix=git-1.4.0/ v1.4.0 | gzip >git-1.4.0.tar.gz

Create a compressed tarball for v1.4.0 release.

git archive –format=tar.gz –prefix=git-1.4.0/ v1.4.0 >git-1.4.0.tar.gz

Same as above, but using the builtin tar.gz handling.

git archive –prefix=git-1.4.0/ -o git-1.4.0.tar.gz v1.4.0

Same as above, but the format is inferred from the output file.

git archive –format=tar –prefix=git-1.4.0/ v1.4.0^ | gzip >git-1.4.0.tar.gz

Create a compressed tarball for v1.4.0 release, but without a global extended pax header.

git archive –format=zip –prefix=git-docs/ HEAD:Documentation/ > git-1.4.0-docs.zip

Put everything in the current head’s Documentation/ directory into git-1.4.0-docs.zip, with the prefix git-docs/.

git archive -o latest.zip HEAD

Create a Zip archive that contains the contents of the latest commit on the current branch. Note that the output format is inferred by the extension of the output file.

PuTTY is a versatile terminal program for Windows. It is the world’s most popular free SSH client. It supports SSH , telnet , and raw socket connections with good terminal emulation. It supports public key authentication and Kerberos single-sign-on. It also includes command-line SFTP and SCP implementations.

Contents

PuTTY downloads

PuTTY is most commonly used on Windows. It is also available on Linux.

Alternative SSH clients

There many SSH clients that are more modern. A major shortcoming of PuTTY is that it does not have integrated file transfers in the client itself. Instead, file transfers have to be done via the command line. This is too complicated for most users. Tectia SSH has had them since 2000. PuTTY also does not include an SSH server.

How to get an SSH server

PuTTY does not come with an SSH server. It can be used with Linux OpenSSH . For Windows and IBM z/OS mainframes, we recommend the Tectia SSH server .

Tutorials, how-tos, and user manual

Features

Windows client. Mac and Linux ports exist. No server included.

Supports both 32-bit and 64-bit Windows. An MSI installer has been available since 2016.

Supports SSH client, telnet client, SFTP client (command line only), and rlogin client. Both SSH2 and SSH1 protocols are supported. Note that use of SSH1 is not recommended for security reasons. Practically all devices support SSH2 these days.

File transfers only using a separate command-line programs. No integrated file transfer support.

No scripting support, but can be used together with WinSCP .

Terminal window

The main feature of the product is the terminal window. It has good terminal emulation, good configurability, and good support for different cryptographic algorithms. SSH, telnet, and plain TCP/IP protocols are supported.

The PuTTY terminal is pretty good and handles terminal emulation well.

Transferring files

The user interface does not include an integrated file transfer client. However, command-line tools called PSFTP and PSCP are provided. These can be used for file transfers. However, most non-technical users are not willing to use a command line. Tectia SSH , for example, has offered fully integrated file transfer capability since 2000.

The WinSCP and FileZilla clients can also be used for file transfers in conjunction with PuTTY. Having two software packages, switching between them to do operations, and managing profiles and logins for both is extra trouble. WinSCP can now import PuTTY profiles, but separate login is still required for each.

Public key authentication

PuTTY uses its own file format for SSH keys. The keys are stored in .ppk files. The PuTTYgen tool can be used for generating new keys and converting between .ppk files and other key formats.

It is common for hackers and malware to collect SSH keys when penetrating an organization. This happened, for example, in the infamous Sony breach . Recently, Wikileaks obtained CIA hacking tools designed to steal SSH keys and their passphrases.

Managing SSH keys properly is important. Universal SSH Key Manager a popular SSH key management solution and the only one at the time of this writing that supports .ppk files.

Telnet support

PuTTY grew out of a telnet client. It still supports the telnet protocol. However, very few devices use telnet these days. Its use is not recommended for security reasons.

Telnet sends all user names and passwords in the clear. It is very easy to listen to network traffic and steal user names and passwords from telnet traffic. By mid-1990s, such password sniffing attacks had become the largest security problem on the Internet. That was the very problem SSH was designed to solve. Compromised routers, switches, or ARP proofing attacks can also be used to inject arbitrary commands into telnet sessions.

There is a separate version of the software, called PuTTYtel , for countries that do not allow any use of encryption. However, SSH is now used in all countries, officially or unofficially. Most systems can no longer be managed without encryption. Even the most oppressive countries need to secure their systems somehow. There cannot be cybersecurity in a networked environment without encryption.

PuTTY also supports connecting to serial ports and raw sockets. These can sometimes be useful for debugging purposes and for working with some legacy devices. For example, in kernel development access via a serial port is still sometimes the best way to debug a panic that causes an immediate reboot, as it provides a way to see the boot messages.

Known security vulnerabilities

Version 0.66 and earlier are known to contain security vulnerabilities. Upgrading to the latest version is recommended.

Buffer overflow in SCP . This a potential stack overflow and remote code execution vulnerability. A corrupt server could execute code on the client when any file is downloaded. It could also be exploited by man-in-the-middle attacks .

Integer overflow in terminal escape sequence handling . This is a memory corruption and possible remote code execution vulnerability. It involves sending an escape sequence to the terminal. For example, a compromised switch could inject the attack into a session. It can also be exploited by a corrupt server to execute code on the client, or using man-in-the-middle attacks.

Lack of proper key management can expose servers to risk and allow attackers to spread server-to-server or jump through desktops/laptops containing SSH keys. More information on SSH key management can be found here .

History and maintenance status

PuTTY is one of the oldest SSH clients for Windows. It was first released by Simon Tatham in 1998. SSH support was added in 2000.

After 19 years, the software is still a beta version. Development has been slow, but it is still being maintained. A recent version added support for elliptic curve cryptography. The user interface or features have not changed much in 15 years.

A Frequently Asked Questions document (FAQ) can be found here .

Where to find the source code

Source code is available on Simon Tatham’s home page . Installation packages can be downloaded securely here .

Extensions, branches, and integrations

The product is open source. Several projects have branched off and build on its source code.

PuttyManager is a tabbed user interface, but development appears to have stopped years ago.

ExtraPuTTY is a fork that has various extensions, such as Lua programming language integration.

MTPuTTY is a version of with a user interface that supports multiple tabs (i.e., a tab control where each tab is a terminal window).

WinSCP has some level of integration for file transfer functionality.

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Want more window buttons other than the default minimize, restore down, and close buttons? Fortunately, eXtra Buttons is here to save the day.

All the window title bars in Windows 10 and 11 include three default control buttons. Those buttons enable you to minimize, maximize (restore down), and close windows. Windows 11’s new Snap Layout feature for the Restore Down button provides additional control options. Still, three control buttons for windows aren’t that many.

Would you like to add more control buttons to windows’ title bars in Windows 10 and 11 If so, you can do exactly that with eXtra Buttons and Chameleon Windows Manager Lite. You can add new buttons to windows with those freely available third-party software packages as outlined below.

How to Add New Buttons to Windows With the eXtra Buttons App

The eXtra Buttons software is a freeware package you can utilize on all Windows platforms dating back to ‘95. It enables you to add up to 13 new buttons to windows’ title bars. You can download and install eXtra Buttons as follows.

When you first start eXtra Buttons, it will automatically add three new buttons to windows’ title bars, as shown in the snapshot directly below. It adds new Always on Top, Minimize to Tray, and Bookmarks buttons to the title bars. The Always on Top button alone is a very useful one that keeps the active window always on top of all others when clicked.

Clicking Minimize to Tray minimizes the window to the system tray. You can click the Bookmarks button to save the current window to a bookmarks (favorite) list to reopen it from.

However, you can still add 10 more useful buttons to windows with eXtra Buttons. Click the eXtra Buttons system tray icon to open its window. Select Buttons Set on the left side of the window. Then you can select more in the Available buttons box. Click Add to add selected button. Or click Add All to include all 10 on windows’ title bars, and press the Apply button.

These are the 10 other window buttons you can choose to add:

• Send to Back: A button that sends an active window behind all other open ones.
• Copy window: Clicking this button opens a copy of the currently active window.
• Send to tray menu: This button minimizes windows to a single system tray icon from which you can select to reopen
• Send to Box: When you click this button, the window is minimized to an icon on the right side of the desktop. You can click the temporary desktop icon to reopen it.

Read also: How to Make Windows Transparent in Windows 10 You can also apply hotkeys to those window buttons. To do that, open the eXtra Buttons window. Select a button to add a keyboard shortcut on the left side of the window. Then click inside the Current Hot-key box, and press a key (or key combination) for the keyboard shortcut. Select Apply to save new hotkeys.

How to Add New Buttons to Windows With Chameleon Window Manager Lite

Chameleon Windows Manager is an alternative to eXtra Buttons that adds six new control buttons to windows’ title bars. It has a freeware and pro version (currently retailing at $29.95). However, the freeware Chameleon Windows Manager Lite is all you’ll need for adding new window control buttons. At any rate, you’ll get to utilize the pro version for 30 days before it automatically reverts to the Lite one. This is how you can add new buttons to windows with that software.

The full version adds up to eight buttons, but you’ll only have six when it reverts the freeware package. You can configure what buttons to add to windows by selecting/deselecting their checkboxes on the Button settings window. These are the six buttons you can select in the Lite version:

• Always on Top: A button that always keeps the active window on top off all the others when clicked.
• Position window at left of screen: Clicking this button positions a certain percentage of the window on the left side of the desktop.
• Position window at right of screen: This button moves a percentage of the window to the right of the Windows desktop.
• Specify transparency: A button that applies transparency to the window. You can configure how transparent it makes windows by dragging the slider on the Specify transparency bar setting.
• Minimize to Caption: You can click this button to minimize windows to their title bars.
• Minimize to Tray: Click this button to minimize its window to the system tray instead of the taskbar. You can view the window again by clicking is system tray icon.

Note that Chameleon Windows Manager’s black title bar buttons don’t mix well with Windows 11’s dark theme. Its buttons aren’t visible at all when you have the dark theme selected. So, make sure you’ve got the light theme selected for Chameleon Windows Manager.

Take Full Control of Open Software Windows

Chameleon Windows Manager and eXtra Buttons transform windows’ title bars. Those are two software packages that kind of make you wonder why Windows 11 doesn’t include more buttons on its windows. With those programs, you can take full control of your open windows for better multitasking.

Windows 11 sports a brand new UI, but if you feel it’s not to your liking, use these tools to make it truly yours again.

Jack has been a freelance tech journalist for more than a decade. He has covered Windows Vista, 7, 10, and 11 topics within a multitude of guides for Make Use Of and numerous other websites.

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Overview

The format of Windows and Unix text files differs slightly. In Windows, lines end with both the line feed and carriage return ASCII characters, but Unix uses only a line feed. As a consequence, some Windows applications will not show the line breaks in Unix-format files. Likewise, Unix programs may display the carriage returns in Windows text files with Ctrl-m ( ^M ) characters at the end of each line.

There are many ways to solve this problem. This document provides instructions for using FTP, screen capture, unix2dos and dos2unix, tr , awk , Perl, and vi to do the conversion. To use these utilities, the files you are converting must be on a Unix computer.

When using an FTP program to move a text file between Unix and Windows, be sure the file is transferred in ASCII format, so the document is transformed into a text format appropriate for the host. Some FTP programs, especially graphical applications, do this automatically. If you are using command line FTP, before you begin the transfer, enter:

You can use tr to remove all carriage returns and Ctrl-z ( ^Z ) characters from a Windows file:

However, you cannot use tr to convert a document from Unix format to Windows.

To use awk to convert a Windows file to Unix, enter:

To convert a Unix file to Windows, enter:

Older versions of awk do not include the sub function. In such cases, use the same command, but replace awk with gawk or nawk .

To convert a Windows text file to a Unix text file using Perl, enter:

To convert from a Unix text file to a Windows text file, enter:

You must use single quotation marks in either command line. This prevents your shell from trying to evaluate anything inside.

In vi, you can remove carriage return ( ^M ) characters with the following command:

To input the ^M character, press Ctrl-v , and then press Enter or return .

In vim, use :set ff=unix to convert to Unix; use :set ff=dos to convert to Windows.

Related documents

This is document acux in the Knowledge Base.
Last modified on 2019-12-17 14:27:06 .

I’ve just lost my phone. I know it’s here in my house cause I used it last night and my bluetooth speakers will connect to it this morning.

How can I text my phone using bash? Then the phone notification will sound and I can find my phone.

Note: I asked for a bash solution because it’s simpler than installing and configuring a GUI. Also I am more comfortable working in bash than python, HTML, or java, etc. Finally a bash solution works in Windows 10 when you use the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL).

Note 2: Reply to comments:

• I don’t have a landline so I can’t simply call my smartphone.
• It was 6 am on Sunday morning when I lost my phone. People I could email to call my phone were sleeping. I was unsure of the battery charge level and if it died, I could never text it.
• A few weeks previously I had turned off email sound notifications on my smartphone so I couldn’t email myself.
• I don’t have skype or any VOIP service providers

After 30 minutes I did find the smartphone by texting it using the answer I posted below. It was hidden underneath 4″ high-from-floor furniture shelf in the living-room.

3 Answers 3

For the following steps open a terminal prompt aka “Command Line Interface” or “CLI”. In most Linux distributions do this using Ctrl + Alt + T

textbelt.com to send text from bash

I found a reddit article: Send an SMS Text Message from the Command Line with this Bash / Terminal command you can use:

Replace 7801234567 with your phone number. If you are texting an international phone number (outside Canada / USA) follow these instructions.

Note: The software replaces “Find Your Phone!” with a message that you need to purchase a key to use a custom message. But the software still insists you must provide a message that gets overwritten.

Other reasons for sending SMS Text Message from Bash

Finding my smartphone was an unusual need to send an SMS text message from Bash. You might have a few people that should be texted when:

• Disks are about to fail (or other hardware errors occurred)
• Disk space utilization exceeds threshold, for example 90%
• RAM is full and swap is being used heavily
• Web server is experiencing external attacks
• A user had too many invalid sign-ons and account is deactivated
• A specific job has been run which effects key processes
• A door badge reader monitors a certain door being unlocked

textbelt.com is Free for one text per day

Only one free SMS message a day can be sent by a given sender. Here is an example of the first and second attempts on one day:

Note: You maybe able to reset your router’s IP address for more than one text per day but I haven’t tested this yet.

You can use prepaid unlimited texts. There are many SMS gateway services available. Pricing at above vendor link varies from $0.03 to $0.15 per text. This is for reference and not an endorsement nor recommendation. Please do your homework and search for reputable pay-for-service vendors at best prices.

Create Bash Script

You could create a bash script called sms containing:

• Send SMS message using sms 7801234567 “Hello World”
• Thank you Fabby for testing this from the EU and confirming it works there.

For the following all you need is a web browser like FireFox, Internet Explorer or Chrome. No need to dive into the “bowels of bash” or limit yourself to one free text per day.

Many carriers allow you to send SMS Text Message to a smartphone by addressing an email to [email protected]_provider_name.com .

Phone Number look up to get carrier’s website address

To get the provider’s website address using the phone number go to: https://freecarrierlookup.com/. Imagine we entered the phone number: 7801234567 :

We are told the email address to use is [email protected] . Now send an email to this address and your phone will sound with a notification.

Of course if you have your smartphone configured to sound with a notification when email arrives you can simply email your phone in the first place!

CLI interface for sending email address

In Ask Ubuntu there are many questions and answers on how to send email using bash. I’m using ssmtp (Secure Simple Mail Transport Protocol) for my cron daily backups: Backup Linux configuration, scripts and documents to Gmail

Although this setup is for one user, you can create a file with multiple users to text messages to:

Then in your bash code something like this:

Where mail.txt looks like this:

There are many ways of sending email from bash. This is just one example. The important thing is the email address contains the smartphone number followed by the smartphone provider’s web address

Webrtc macos. Taylor Bishop Taylor Bishop. Linux (Ubuntu/Debian) Goodbye macOS WebRTC audio bug If you are using WebRTC in Chrome on macOS, you probably experienced a situation where your microphone would not work and you had to restart your browser. Apple has released Safari 11 for macOS Sierra 10. sudo apt install -y libc++1 libc++abi1 The VP8 video codec is widely used in existing WebRTC solutions. IMPORTANT Web Remote sessions can be initiated from Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, or Android devices using a recent version of the Chrome, Firefox, Edge, or Safari browser Well, I’m a MacOS m1 chip user. So here’s how to disable it on macOS and iOS: macOS. Google provides the official builds for iOS, if all you need is iOS build, get it from Google: 4 years, 2 months ago (2016-10-11 11:57:47 UTC) #3. WebRTC leaks: Send your real IP address and location to websites, even though you’re using a VPN. In this post, we will go through an overview of our implementation. WebRTC Universal Binary. flutter-webrtc macOS screen capturing (video related changes) Common interface for video capturers (Camera/Screen) FlutterRTCVideoCapturer. This version of the server is tailored for Linux systems, although it can be compiled … WebRTC is a collection of communications protocols and APIs that enable real-time peer to peer connections within the browser. TrueConf might be a good solution for virtual event broadcasting, distance learning and RTCPeerConnection: This webrtc allows the user to communicate directly to have a peer-to-peer connection in order with the transcoding of the media files. The WebRTC feature is mainly used to improve the connection for voice calls and video chats in the browser, without the need for any … Apple is rolling WebRTC video-chat into Safari iOS, OS X browsers WebKit could soon get support for open conferencing standard. The Microsoft release of WebRTC 1. On Mac OS X and iOS, the user cache dir is derived from the profile dir as follows: If Library/Application Support is an ancestor of the profile dir, the user cache dir is Library/Caches plus the relative path from Application Support to the profile dir. How do I disable it? WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) is an API drafted by the W3C that supports browser-to-browser applications for voice calling, video chat, and P2P file sharing (without the need of either internal or external plugins). There are six alternatives to WebRTC for a variety of platforms, including Android, iPhone, Mac, Windows and Linux. 23. WebRTC client apps (peers) exchange network information. HTML5 Drag and Drop. aar 默认位于

The built-in Mail app for Windows 10 isn’t the most full-featured email client you can find, but it’s a nice, light alternative to a web client. One thing you may be wondering, however, is why you aren’t seeing pop-up Action Center notifications when you receive new emails.

Easy! You have to turn them on first. But let me warn you: once you turn on notifications you’ll get notified for every mail message you receive. Firing up your PC in the morning means a barrage of new mail notifications that come in one by freakin’ one.

Getting notified

The Windows 10 Settings app.

To start, make sure app notifications are active. They should be by default, but let’s just check in case you turned them off. Open the Settings app and go to System > Notifications & Actions. Under “Notifications” make sure the slider for “Show app notifications” says “On.”

Next, scroll down to “Show notifications from these apps” and make sure the slider for Mail is also turned on.

You need to enable notification banners for Windows 10’s mail app to know when new mail comes in.

Now open the Mail app, select the acocunt you want to see notifications for, and then click on the Settings cog at the bottom of the left-hand navigation panel.

A Settings panel will pop out from the right side. Select Options and scroll down to the “Notifications” section at the bottom. By default, the Show in action center slider will be turned on by default, but that just allows notifications to appear in the slide-out Action Center panel.

To actually see notifications as new messages roll in you have to check the box for “Show a notification banner” to see banners pop-out in the lower right corner of your screen. If you’d like to hear the Windows 10 chime each time you get a new notification click the box next to “Play a sound as well.”

Once that’s done, click away from the Options panel to make it disappear. That’s it! Your Action Center notifications for the Mail app are ready to roll.

If you want to see notifications for multiple accounts, open that account’s inbox in the Mail, app, click the Settings cog and repeat the process above.

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• Sådan sender du e-mail fra kommandolinjen i Windows (uden ekstra software)

I Windows kan du ikke sende mail fra kommandopromptet, men fordi PowerShell giver dig mulighed for at bruge det underliggende .Net Framework, kan du nemt oprette og sende en e-mail fra kommandolinjen.

Bemærk: Jeg har uploadet en prøve herover på grund af mange anmodninger.

Afsendelse af e-mail fra PowerShell

Bemærk: Vi besluttede at bruge GMail SMTP-servere til denne artikel, det vil sige, at du skal bruge en Gmail-konto til at sende mail ved hjælp af den angivne kode. Du kan dog nemt hacke mit script til at arbejde med enhver SMTP-server, hvis du vil.

Det første du skal gøre er at slukke PowerShell.

Det er ret nemt at sende en e-mail fra PowerShell. Alt du skal gøre er at kopiere den skabelon, vi har leveret, og ændre nogle af detaljerne.

$EmailFrom = “ [email protected] ”

$EmailTo = “ [email protected] ”

$Subject = “The subject of your email”

$Body = “What do you want your email to say”

$SMTPClient = New-Object Net.Mail.SmtpClient($SmtpServer, 587)

$SMTPClient.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential(“usr”, “pass”);

$SMTPClient.Send($EmailFrom, $EmailTo, $Subject, $Body)

Du skal ændre følgende:

• $ EmailFrom = Din GMail-adresse.
• $ EmailTo = Modtagerens e-mail-adresse.
• $ Emne = Hvad du vil have emnet for posten at sige.
• $ Krop = Hvad du vil have hovedparten af ​​posten at sige.
• usr = Du skal bruge erstatte Dette med dit GMail brugernavn.
• passere = Du skal bruge erstatte Dette med din GMail-adgangskode.

Nedenfor er et eksempel på mig at sende mail til mig selv.

Bemærk! Af indlysende grunde fjernede jeg GMail-legitimationsoplysninger fra skærmbilledet.

The following table shows the hardware and software that are required for this release.

Table 2 Hardware and Software Requirements

Solaris10 on SPARC, x86, and x64 based systems, including support for whole root local and sparse root zones.

Solaris 9 on SPARC and x86 based systems.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.0 Server, 32 and 64-bit versions, all updates

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3 and 4, all updates

Advanced Server (32 and 64-bit versions) and

Enterprise Server (32 and 64-bit versions)

Windows 2000 Advanced Server, Data Center Server version SP4 on x86

Windows 2003 Standard (32 and 64–bit versions), Enterprise (32 and 64–bit versions), Data Center Server (32–bit version) on x86 and x64 based systems

Windows XP Professional SP2 on x86 based systems

HP-UX 11i v1 (11.11 from uname), 64–bit on PA-RISC 2.0. Access Manager 7.1 Patch 1 is not available for HP-UX.

For the most updated list of supported operating systems, see Platform Requirements and Issues in Sun Java Enterprise System 5 Release Notes for UNIX in the Sun Java Enterprise System 5 Release Notes for UNIX, or Hardware and Software Platform Information in Sun Java Enterprise System 5 Release Notes for Microsoft Windows in the Sun Java Enterprise System 5 Release Notes for Windows.

Sun Java System Directory Server Enterprise Edition 6.3 (requires Access Manager 7.1 Patch 2 or later)

Sun Java System Directory Server Enterprise Edition 6.1 and 6.2 (requires Access Manager 7.1 Patch 1 or later)

Sun Java System Directory Server 5.2 2005Q4 and 6.0

Access Manager Identity Repository (user data store):

Sun Java System Directory Server Enterprise Edition 6.3 (requires Access Manager 7.1 Patch 2 or later)

Sun Java System Directory Server Enterprise Edition 6.1 and 6.2 (requires Access Manager 7.1 Patch 1 or later)

Sun Java System Directory Server 5.2 2005Q4 and 6.0

Microsoft Active Directory

Sun Java System Application Server Enterprise Edition 8.2

BEA WebLogic 8.1 SP4, and 9.2 for (Patch 1). WebLogic is not supported with Access Manager for HP-UX.

IBM WebSphere Application Server 5.1.1.6 and 6.1( for Patch 1). WebSphere is not supported with Access Manager for HP-UX.

Actual deployment: 1 Gbyte for threads, Access Manager SDK, HTTP server, and other internals

If you have questions about support for other versions of these components, contact your Sun Microsystems technical representative.

Supported Browsers

The following table shows the browsers that are supported by the Sun Java Enterprise System 5 release.

When you launch a Microsoft Office product, the startup process runs in a standard way. Microsoft Word, for example, displays the Word splash screen and loads the Normal template. But suppose you want Word to start without its splash screen and then load a template other than the Normal template. Or, you want to customize the process even more by loading an add-in or running a macro upon startup. You can add options like this by using subcommands called command-line switches to an Office app’s startup command.

If you want to use the customization just one time, you can type the command and switch in the Run dialog box (Start menu) in Microsoft Windows. If you want to use a particular switch many times or every time that you start the app, you can create a desktop shortcut that starts the program by using the same switch and parameters. This article describes how to do both. It also includes a table that lists all of the switches and parameters that are available in the desktop Office apps.

Using a command-line switch doesn’t mean you have to type the whole startup command at the command prompt. You can start the Office app as usual, by clicking the program icon on the desktop, or by clicking the program name on the Start menu. All startup methods essentially do the same thing: they run the app’s .exe file, even if you don’t actually type the command or even see it.

A command-line switch is a modifier that is added to the .exe file. A startup file with a switch looks like this.

In this example, a command-line switch has been added to the .exe file for Microsoft Outlook. The switch consists of a forward slash and a word or abbreviation that indicates the switch’s action. This switch tells Outlook to launch without showing the Reading Pane.

A switch is sometimes followed by one or more specific instructions called parameters, which give the program further information about how to run the .exe command. For example, the following command tells Outlook to load a specific profile name upon startup.

Switch names cannot be abbreviated and are not case-sensitive. However, their parameters are sometimes case-sensitive.

Here are the names of the startup commands for the Office products Word, Excel, PowerPoint, PowerPoint viewer, Outlook, and Access.

ncG1vNJzZmiroKS%2Ftb%2FCpaCnoZOprq68yJymZ5ufonyqutOeqaKnomS1sMOMraZmq5WjsW6xzJqgpWWWp7yuedOhnGabn6K6orrDZqOippVitq951qKlnaenqHq4tdOhpq6sXZrFtb7AZqqonqSsrrOxjg%3D%3D